| Aryan |
| Armenian |
| Albanian |
| Balto-Slavic |
| Keltic |
| Italic |
| Hellenic |
| Teutonic |
| Tokharian |
| Aryan | ||||
| Indian | Iranian | |||
| Vedic | Classical Sanskrit | Prakrit | Avesta | Iranian or Persian |
| Balto-Slavic | |||||
| Old Slavic | Baltic | ||||
| Russian | Polish | Lithuanian | Czech | Bulgarian | Lettish |
| Keltic | |
| Gaelic | Brittanic |
| Italic | ||||
| Latin | ||||
| French | Italian | Spanish | Portuguese | Romanian |
| Hellenic |
| Greek |
| Teutonic | |
| East Teutonic | West Teutonic |
| East Teutonic | ||
| Scandinavian | Gothic | |
| West Norse | East Norse | |
| Swedish Danish | Icelandic | |
| Norwegian | ||
| West Teutonic | |||
| High German | Middle German | Low German | |
| Frisian | Anglo-Saxon | ||
| Modern German | Old Frankish | ||
| Mid English | |||
| Yiddish | Dutch Flemish | ||
| Modern English | |||
The relationship of the languages is determined by resemblances between
them. These are of two kinds: Resemblances of vocabulary and of grammatical
structure.
A few examples of similarities between Indo-European words.
| Sanskrit | Latin | English | Greek |
| Pitar | Pater | Father | Patros |
| Matar | Mater | Mother | Matros |
| Pancha | Quinque | Five | Pente |
| Sapta | Septem | Seven | Hepta |
| Dasan | Decem | Decimal or Ten | Deka |
| Bhurja | Birch | ||
| Pac | Bake | Pesso | |
| Madhu Sweet | Mead | Methu | |
| Asti | Est | Is | Esti |
| Damas | Domus | Domicile | Domos |
| Bharami bear (a burden etc) | Fero | Bear | Phero |
| Aham | Ego | Ego | Ego |
| Dwaar | Door | ||
| Braata | Brother | ||
| Astau | Okto | Eight | Okto |
| Trayas | tres | Three or Tri | Treis |
| Ayas | Iron | ||
| Vrkas | Wulf old English for wolf) | Lukhos | |
| Eka | Oinos | One | Oinos |
| Dva | Duo | Two | Duo |
| Chatvaras | Quattuor | Four | Tettores |
| Sas | Sex | Six | Hex |
| Nava | Novem | Nine | Ennea |
| Patha | Path | ||
| Sarpa | Serpent | ||
| Gow | Cow | ||
| Mooshak | Muus | Mouse Muus old English | Muus |
| Svasri | Sister | ||
| Sun | Son | ||
| Danta | Dental | ||
| Surya | Sun | ||
| Taru | Tree | ||
| Shani -Slow moving planet | Saturn | ||
| Unapexita | Unexpected | ||
| Hard-Hriday | Heart | ||
| Nabhi | Navel | ||
| Agni | Ignis | Ignite | |
| Hantar (killer) | Hunter | ||
| Naas,Nasika | Naas | Nose (nasal) | |
| Nisha | Night | ||
| Vahan | Vehicle | ||
| Yog | Yoke (to join) | ||
| Pratham | Proto (first) | ||
| Vacha | Vocal | ||
| Hasta | Hand | ||
| Santa | Saint | ||
| Kroora | Cruel | ||
| Tat (Tat Tvam Asi) | That | ||
| Janan (generate) | Generate | ||
| Loka (place) | Location | ||
| Daman | Dominate | ||
| Tri-kona-miti | Trigonometry | Trigonometry | |
| Mia (Me) | Me | ||
| Mana | Mind | ||
| Asi | Yes | Si? | |
| Axa | Axis | ||
| Duhita | Daughter | ||
| Sweda | Sweat | ||
| Para | Para | Pre-fix e.g.'Para-psychology' | |
| Peen (pointed) | Pin | ||
| Kedar | Cedar(tree) | ||
| Widhur | Widow | ||
| Katika | Cart | ||
| Prithak | Part (section) | ||
| Nau Boat | Navy | ||
| Vid=know Vidya=knowledge Veda=knowledge based scriptures | Videre | Witan(old English) Be aware Wit- Wise |
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